A portable generator can keep essential equipment running during an outage, but misuse can cause carbon monoxide poisoning, fire, burns, or electrocution. Read the owner’s manual before an emergency and follow local codes and utility instructions.
Operate outdoors only
Never run a generator in a home, garage, basement, crawl space, shed, or enclosed porch. Opening a door or window does not make indoor use safe. Place the generator outdoors, far from doors, windows, and vents, using the separation distance specified by the manufacturer and public-safety authorities. Keep exhaust away from neighboring homes too.
Prevent carbon monoxide exposure
Install and test CO alarms on every level and outside sleeping areas. If an alarm sounds or anyone develops headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, or confusion while a generator is operating, move everyone to fresh air immediately and call emergency services from outside. Do not re-enter until responders say it is safe.
Connect equipment correctly
Use outdoor-rated, heavy-duty extension cords that are undamaged and appropriately rated for the load. Never plug a generator directly into a wall outlet to power a home; this can cause dangerous backfeeding. A transfer switch or other approved connection must be installed by a qualified electrician. Keep the generator dry and protected from rain or snow as the manufacturer directs without enclosing it or restricting ventilation.
Refuel and store fuel carefully
- Turn the generator off and allow it to cool before refueling.
- Store fuel in approved containers away from living areas, heat sources, and children.
- Never smoke near fuel and clean spills before restarting.
- Keep the unit stable and away from flammable materials.
Plan what to power
Calculate the starting and running wattage of the equipment you need and stay within the generator’s ratings. Prioritize essential items such as medical equipment, refrigeration, and communication devices. Follow utility advice and never use damaged cords or wet electrical equipment.
Review the CDC’s CO guidance and Ready.gov power outage guidance. Generator models differ, so the manufacturer’s instructions are essential.
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